UFO Report: “1949 UFO Chronology and the Grudge Report”

Created: 20 December 2005

Updated: 12 November 2018

(NICAP.org)

Quote from the UFO report:

“This chronology is currently a 29-page report and a very important year in UFOlogy.  I want to thank all the members of the A-Team who made this possible.  To look at and/or print all the 1949 Blue Book monthly summaries, click here. Otherwise the monthly listings are inserted within this chronology by month. Note: There are 209 entries in the 38-page La Paz catalog, the ‘Summary of Sightings of Unknown Phenomena, 17th District OSI’.  But in the 1949 group there were 144 sightings and the only ones listed here are the reports with some important details to make them extraordinary. Also, brief case descriptions giving the category number, name of witness, and source in brackets (M=military), are NICAP UFO Evidence entries that haven't been located. Finally, I want thank Loren Gross for thoughtfully and diligently collecting data many years ago for his UFO Histories and supplemental notes, in particular here the year 1949. And a big thanks to CUFOS and Mary Castnor for housing them on the CUFOS site.

Francis Ridge

NICAP Site Coordinator

Jan. 13, 1949. Extraordinary US Army Memo

Col Eustis Poland, G-2 Intelligence, US Army, issues memo to the Director of Army Intelligence concerning the wild hypotheses that were spreading concerning the southwestern light phenomena. (Courtesy, Project 1947 and Joel Carpenter)

FBI Memo of  Jan 24, 1949

The memo documents speculation on Soviet nuclear-powered disc by USAF Col C. D. Gasser of the Nuclear Energy for the Propulsion of Aircraft (NEPA) project at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Gasser reported rumors coming from Wright-Patterson AFB that nuclear-powered disc-shaped planes might be making incursions into US airspace and returning to the USSR over the North Pole. (Courtesy of Project 1947 site)

January 31, 1949 letter, FBI Memo

‘Protection of Vital Installations’ (three page pdf file)

Jan. 31, 1949 Army FOIA Document.

To AFOSI concerning the latest Green Fireball incident seen over several states on Jan 30, 1949. ‘All out investigation OK’ed by OSI’ says the handwritten notation of Feb 4, 1949. LaPaz investigated and determined the Green Fireball had a 140+ mile trajectory from near Amarillo to near Lamesa, Texas, at a multiply triangulated altitude of about 60,000 to 40,000 feet at a velocity of 25,000 to 50,000 mph -- an absolute physical impossibility for a meteor.  No traces were found despite LaPaz and AFOSI plowing through miles of Texas mud looking for fragments. (Brad Sparks)

Statement from Project SIGN

Possibility that some of the incidents may represent technical developments far in advance of knowledge available.

SECRET Project SIGN Report, Feb. 11, 1949 (72-page pdf file)

The order of February 11, 1949, that changed the name of Project Sign to Project Grudge had not directed any change in the operating policy of the project. It had, in fact, pointed out that the project was to continue to investigate and evaluate reports of sightings of unidentified flying objects. In doing this, standard intelligence procedures would be used. This normally means the unbiased evaluation of intelligence data. But it doesn’t take a great deal of study of the old UFO files to see that standard intelligence procedures were no longer being used by Project Grudge. Everything was being evaluated on the premise that UFO's couldn’t exist. No matter what you see or hear, don’t believe it. (Ruppelt) [Correction: The order changing SIGN to GRUDGE was dated Dec 16, 1948, by AF Dir of R&D Gen Donald Putt, not made effective until Feb 12, 1949, after SIGN's Final Report was issued Feb 11. We know the date of the change because it was commented on at the Los Alamos green fireballs conference of Feb 16, 1949, as having occurred the previous Saturday,’ Feb. 12. - Brad Sparks]

AFOIN_AIR_Memo_No.4_Feb.15, 1949

Found in the FBI files a copy of Air Intelligence Requirements Memo No. 4, ‘Unconventional Aircraft,’ of Feb 15, 1949. Copies were sent by Hoover to FBI offices worldwide in SAC (Special Agents in Charge) Letter No. 38 of March 25, 1949. (Brad Sparks)

Feb. 16, 1949, Los Alamos Conference on the Green Fireball Problem

Actual document

This offshoot of this conference was the Project TWINKLE, scheme to gain more accurate information on any more ‘peculiar meteors’ by establishing number of cinetheodolite stations to film anything unusual in the atmosphere, especially fast moving objects.

March 22, 1949 Letter

Air Force letter to Director, FBI

March 25, 1949 Letter

FBI letter to Air Force who was seeking help from FBI. Includes  attachment below.

April 27, 1949 Joint Intelligence Committee Report (retyped copy) 

The USAF Directorate of Intelligence personnel briefed the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations, Lt. Gen. Lauris Norstad, and his staff on UFOs in a TOP SECRET ‘Air Brief.’

Actual copy

  

April 27, 1949

The Air Force sends Top Secret ‘Unidentified Aerial Objects’ presentation with Appendix A, a summary of Air Force actions to the Joint Committee on Intelligence (JIC).  Committee is composed of representatives from the Army, Navy, Air Force intelligence divisions.

April 27, 1949, Project Saucer Report

‘Memorandum to the Press’ No. M 26-49, released to the press from the Pentagon.

 Based on Project Sign / Grudge (classified codenames for Project ‘Saucer’) info from AMC Technical Intelligence Division, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, Ohio, the last gasp of the pro-UFO faction.

April 28, 1949

Printed copies of the Top Secret ‘Analysis of Flying Object Incidents in the United States’ (Air Intelligence Division Study 203) disseminated to restricted list. Originally prepared by the USAF Directorate of Intelligence, Air Intelligence Division, and the Office of Naval Intelligence on 10 December 1948, this was a followup to the AF presentations to the JIC and the AF DCS/O the day before.

May 5, 1949 Letter to CO, Kirtland AFB

The Inspector General USAF, 17th District Office of Special Investigations, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico.

Letter to Commanding Officer Kirtland AFB, New Mexico, 5 May 1949

May 12, 1949 Letter concerning conference at Sandia Base, New Mexico, 27 April

To Director of Special Investigations, Office of the Inspector General USAF, Washington 25, D.C. Page 4 -- Dr. Kaplan expressed a great concern, as these occurrences relate to the National Defense of the United States.

May 12, 1949 Memo (front page unredacted)...Both pages (lower quality, redacted)

SECRET memo from IG USAF to Dir. Special Investigations about Kaplan visiting the district office to review reports.

490512mclaughlin_Van-Allen.pdf

Letter to Dr. J.A. Van Allen from Cmdr R.B. McLaughlin about tracking flying saucer ‘a few weeks ago’.

August, 1949; SECRET Project Grudge Report

The GRUDGE Final Report (but not publicly released). It was still classified SECRET until Aug 1, 1952.

September 14, 1949 letter to Director of R&D, HQ, USAF

Concerning/including ‘Light Phenomena.’

Detection of UFOs by Geiger Counters - BB Archive Correspondence

In regard to the 14 & 17 & 21 Oct 1949 sightings at Mt. Palomar Observatory in the NICAP chronology and Sparks’ ‘BB Unknowns’ list, the 25 Nov 1949 ‘case’ in the Blue Book Archive is not a ‘case’ occurring on 25 Nov 1949 but the date the document was written and it contains some material on this incident. It is not actually a case file, but a collection of correspondence (47 documents) related to the potential detection of atomic powered UFOs by Geiger counter equipment, which was put together in 1952. There are several pages about the events and witnesses at Mt. Palomar.

Secret (1952) Document Mentions Correlation Between Sightings and Rise in Radiation

It was found that in October 1949 such an incident occurred at the Mt. Palomar Observatory and that the Navy had investigated them (21 incidents). (NARA-PBB85 762, 766 - Fran Ridge)

Nov. 25, 1949; Mt. Palomar, California

Nonexistent case date invented by BB to cover the real events on various dates in Oct-Nov 1949. is merely the date of an ONR-Pasadena report on these radiation/UFO incidents.

Project Twinkle Letter of December 9, 1949, Re: ‘Light Phenomena’

To Director of R&D, HQ, USAF, from AMC, Dayton. More on conference.

December 27, 1949

This was both the GRUDGE codename AND final report (Technical Report) that were not released and remained classified SECRET until Aug 1, 1952, and even then no one knew it was declassified except possibly Donald Keyhoe and Leon Davidson.”

As can be seen in this report, Killeen Base (designated as West Fort Hood in October 1969), Texas, was totally inundated with UFO sightings during March-July 1949.

http://www.nicap.org/chronos/1949fullrep.htm

Wikipedia article: “Fort Hood”:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Hood

Wikipedia article: “West Fort Hood”:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Fort_Hood

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The Atomic Energy Commission’s Killeen Base, Texas

(U.S. Geological Survey/nicap.org photo)

Satellite photo of Killeen, Texas (tageo.com)

(tageo.com photo)

U.S. Government UFO Document: “SUBJECT: UNKNOWN (Aerial Phenomena)”

12 May 1949

(U.S. Air Force, Washington, D.C.)

Source: NICAP.org

The whole document (not written in U.S. Department of Defense document format):

“SECRET

DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE

HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES AIR FORCE

WASHINGTON

THE INSPECTOR GENERAL USAF

17th DISTRICT OFFICE OF SPECIAL INVESTIGATIONS

KIRTLAND AIR FORCE BASE, NEW MEXICO

DR/MEW/web

12 May 1949

File No: 24-8

SUBJECT: UNKNOWN (Aerial Phenomena)

TO: Director of Special Investigations

Office of The Inspector General USAF

Washington 25, D. C.

1. Reference is made to TRX from this district, OSI 4-26-C, dated 27 April 1949, pertaining to file number 24-8 of this district.

2. On 27 and 28 April 1949, Dr Joseph Kaplan, University of California, Member of the Scientific Advisory Board, USAF, visited this district office and other Governmental and military installations in the area. The purpose of this visit was to review the reports of investigation and the circumstances surrounding the unidentified aerial phenomena that have been observed in this area during the last five months and to thereby make recommendations as to the advisability of making a scientific investigation of these occurrences. The investigation of Dr. Kaplan was conducted under orders transmitted to him by Dr Theodore Von Karman, Secretary of the Scientific Advisory Board, USAF.

3. Dr Joseph Kaplan, accompanied by Lt Col Doyle Rees and Captain Melvin E. Neef, of this office, and Dr Lincoln LaPaz, Institute of Meteoritics, University of New Mexico, visited Sandia Base, New Mexico, and Los Alamos, New Mexico.

4. Present at the conference at Sandia Base on the morning of 27 April 1949 were:

Lt Col Herbert L. Crisler, Armed Forces Special Weapons Project

Lt Col Fredrick J. Clark, Armed Forces Special Weapons Project

Mr. Matthew J. Doyle, Armed Forces Special Weapons Project

Comdr. R. E. Mandelkorn, Armed Forced Special Weapons Project

Dr Joseph Kaplan

Dr Lincoln LaPaz

Lt Col Doyle Rees

Captain Melvin E. Neef

S-50422

[pb]

BASIC: Letter, Hq 17th District OSI (IG) USAF, dated 12 May 1949

file number 24-8, subject, "UNKNOWN (Aerial Phenomena)"

a. At this conference Dr Kaplan reviewed developments of interest in the aerial phenomena on the part of the Scientific Advisory Board, following his report to Dr Von Karman concerning information given him early in February by Dr LaPaz, Lt Col Doyle Rees, Major William H. Godsoe, Fourth Army Intelligence Liaison, Sandia Base, and Captain Melvin E. Neef. Additional evidence, concerning not only specific incidents, but relating to the very intense interest felt in the aerial phenomena in the area covered by the represented agencies, was then given by Lt Col Crisler, Lt Col Rees, Commander Mandelkorn and Captain Neef. At the conclusion of the testimony given by the individuals listed above, Dr Kaplan stated that it was his intention, on the basis of the information so far made available to him, to recommend that a full scale scientific investigation of the aerial phenomena be undertaken as a project set up at the Institute of Meteoritics of the University of New Mexico, the Institute to receive full cooperation from other interested agencies in the area. Dr Kaplan stressed that this project was to be separated completely from Project "Grudge" (old Project "Sign").

b. Dr LaPaz outlined the program to be undertaken in the event the project suggested by Dr Kaplan was approved by the Scientific Advisory Board. Dr LaPaz separated the problem into two parts: first, the collection of observation data; and second, the evaluation of such data.

(1) Collection of data: Under this heading Dr LaPaz recommended that attempts be made to secure systematic visual, photographic, spectrographic and radar observations of the aerial phenomena occurring in the vicinity of at least the following three centers: first, the Atomic Energy Commission installation at Los Alamos, New Mexico; second, the Atomic Energy Commission installation at Sandia Base; and third, the USAF Guided Missile installation at Holloman Air Force Base, Alamogordo, New Mexico. Lt Col Rees emphasized that provision should be made to secure systematic coverage at the Fourth Army installation at Camp Hood, Texas, where a number of incidents have occurred recently. Dr LaPaz also recommended that field searches be made after appropriate air reconnaissance, such searches to emply drag-magnets for the collection of any ferro-magnetic materials that may have been thrown down by the fireballs; meteor detectors in areas where larger, buried fragments were thought to be located and, if possible, systematic search of the earth’s surface in well-determined strewn-fields by use of man power from

C-O-P-Y

S-50422

[pb]

BASIC: Letter, Hq 17th District OSI (IG) USAF, dated 12 May 1949,

file number 24-8, subject, "UNKNOWN (Aerial Phenomena)"

military installations. Dr LaPaz also recommended that, in connection with air search, an attempt be made to collect fine dust and tiny spheres resulting from the volatilization of the fireballs, which conceivable [conceivably] require several days to fall down through the atmosphere to the earth after the appearance of a fireball. It was his recommendation that the collection of such dust be attempted by use of the collection techniques recently devised by Dr William Crozier of the New Mexico Proving Ground.

(2) Evaluation of Data: In connection with the evaluation of the observational data secured and and any material specimens that may be recovered, Dr LaPaz recommended that arrangements be made permitting Dr Edward Teller of the University of California Group at Los Alamos, Dr William Crozier of the New Mexico Proving Ground, Dr Kent and his ballistics staff at Aberdeen Proving Ground, and Professor Clyde Tombaugh and his associates at White Sands Proving Ground, to act as consultants for the project. At the conclusion of Dr LaPaz’s remark, Commander Mandelkorn recommended that the staff of the Harvard College Observatory Meteor Program installation, near White Sands Proving Ground, also be made available for consultation purposes. Dr LaPaz agreed that this was desirable, but pointed out that it has been impossible to secure cooperation from Mr Carroll of the Harvard College Observatory Group in the past. This point was confirmed by Captain Neef, and Commander Mandelkorn then volunteered to insure that in the future there would be no difficulty in securing cooperation from the HCO Meteor Staff.

5. On the afternoon of 27 April 1949, Dr Kaplan studied the files of the 17th District Office of Special Investigations as pertained to the occurrences of aerial phenomena, and was further briefed by Lt Col Rees, District Commander, Captain John J. Stahl, Jr, Deputy District Commander, Captain Neef, Supervisor of the Security Division, Special Agent Jack L. Boling and Dr LaPaz. No new recommendations arose as a result of this conference, but it was felt that the incidents studied rendered imperative initiation of such a systematic program of investigation as Dr Kaplan had proposed at the Sandia Base conference during the morning.

6. On 28 April 1949 Dr Kaplan, Dr LaPaz, Lt Col Rees and Captain Neef met at the Atomic Energy Commission installation, Los Alamos, New Mexico, with the following:

COPY

S-50422

[pb 4]

BASIC: Letter, Hq 17th District OSI (IG) USAF, dated 12 May 1949,

file number 24-8, subject, "UNKNOWN (Aerial Phenomena)"

Mr. B. O. Wells, Director of Security

Mr. Sidney Newberger, of the Security Office

Mr. John A. Carroll, AEC Security Service

Mr Earle D. Hightower, of the Security Office

Mr Henry R. Hoyt, University of California

Mr Abner Schreiber, AEC Security Service

This conference was held at the request of Dr Kaplan in order that he might ascertain the nature of the observations made by members of the Atomic Energy Commission and the AEC Security Service Inspectors at Los Alamos, and that he might personally determine the degree of concern felt by the Security and scientific personnel at the installation. Dr Kaplan personally interviewed a number of University of California personnel and AEC Security Service Inspectors, who had personally observed anomalous luminous aerial phenomena. No further recommendations were made at this conference. Dr Kaplan stated that he would immediately submit his report to Dr Von Karman, setting out his findings and make the recommendations set forth above.

7. Dr Kaplan expressed a great concern, as these occurrences relate to the National Defense of the United States. He advised that he felt that this was of extreme importance and should be investigated scientifically.

DOYLE REES

Lt Col, USAF

District Commander

COPY

S-50422”

http://www.nicap.org/docs/490512_AFOSI_Rees_%20memo_o%20Kaplan_visit.pdf

http://www.nicap.org/reports/490512conference.htm

Wikipedia article: “United States Atomic Energy Commission”:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Atomic_Energy_Commission

Wikipedia article: “Nuclear Regulatory Commission”:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_Regulatory_Commission

Wikipedia article: “Nuclear power in the United States”:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_the_United_States

Wikipedia article: “Fort Hood”:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Hood

Wikipedia article: “Holloman Air Force Base”:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holloman_Air_Force_Base

Wikipedia article: “Los Alamos National Laboratory”:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Alamos_National_Laboratory

Wikipedia article: “Sandia National Laboratories”:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandia_National_Laboratories

Wikipedia article: “White Sands Missile Range”:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_Sands_Missile_Range

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(wikimedia.org image)

Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico

(wikimedia.org photo) (wikimedia.org)

One of Sandia’s first permanent buildings (Building 800) was

completed in 1949 (text by Wikipedia) (wikimedia.org)

(wikimedia.org photo)

UFO Web Page: “The New Mexico Page”

(NICAP.org)

The whole text (links):

“New Mexico Map, Color Relief

New Mexico Map - Project 1947

Project TWINKLE Report - Project 1947

Project TWINLE Report - BB Microfilms, NARA-PBB85-491 - Blue Book Archive

Green Fireballs Over Los Alamos: The New Mexico Missile Crisis - Joel Carpenter

Green Fireball Chronology: 1946-February 1949 Green Fireball Chronology - Joel Carpenter

The Ghost Rockets, Guided Missiles and UFOs: A Tangle of Fear - 1937-53 - Joel Carpenter

Chapter Four: Green Fireballs, Project Twinkle, Little Lights, and Grudge - Ruppelt

Summary of Sightings in the New Mexico Area - La Paz Catalog - Docs 407-479 - BB Microfilm -  Dan Wilson

January 31, 1949: FBI Memo: Protection of Vital Installations - Project 1947

January 31, 1949: CO Kirtland, NM to Chief of Staff,  Director of Special Investigations - Patrick Gross

April 19, 1949 Report: Unidentified Aerial Phenomena in New Mexico-West Texas Area - NARA-PBB90 1011-1014

The Importance of Santa Fe Operations, New Mexico - 165-Page Report - AEC

Conferences:

February 16, 1949 - Los Alamos, NM: Conference on Aerial Phenomena

Conference - Docs 374-397

Conference Transcript

Report on Conference - Docs 398-401

April 27-28, 1949 - Kirtland AFB, NM: Concern over Los Alamos, Sandia Base, Capmp Hood

Conference - Docs 635-639

November 3, 1949 - Conference, Scientific Advisory Board to Chief of Staff

Conference Transcript

Report on Conference on ‘Green Fireballs’

White Sands Newsclippings - BB Microfilm - Dan Wilson

Alleged Sightings At White Sands - Docs 687-702 - BB Microfilm - Dan Wilson

Interesting Concentration of Sightings - Docs 578-583 - BB Microfilm - Dan Wilson

NCP-12: The White Sands Proof - Bruce Maccabee

NCP-13: White Sands Films, Mirarchi, and Project Twinkle - Bruce Maccabee

How Scientists Tracked A Flying Saucer - Cmdr. R. B. McLaughlin, USN (TRUE, March 1950)

May 25, 1950: Cover letter for Summary of Observation of Aerial Phenomenon in the New Mexico Area - Patrick Gross

Have We Visitors From Outer Space? - LIFE Magazine article, April 7, 1952

The New Mexico Sightings - Nuclear Connection Project - Francis Ridge”

https://www.nicap.org/nmexico/newmexicopage.htm

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Map of New Mexico (lib.utexas.edu)

(lib.utexas.edu image)

Map of New Mexico, Colour Relief (nicap.org)

(nicap.org image)

UFO Case Directory (ANRECAT): “Former Pilot’s Dog Reacts April 4, 1949 Merced, California”

(NICAP.org)

The whole UFO case report:

“Joan Woodward:

April 4, 1949; Merced, California (BBU)

10:20 p.m. Major William Parrott, former Air Force pilot, saw a generally round object with curved bottom and dull coloring, giving off clicking sound until overhead. Parrott’s dog reacted. (Berliner) 35 secs”

http://www.nicap.org/490404merced_dir.htm

Wikipedia article: “Merced, California”:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merced,_California

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Satellite photo of Merced, California (tageo.com)

(tageo.com photo)